Chapter 1 · Initial Assessments · 始計

Passage 1-1

孫子曰: 兵者, 國之大事, 死生之地, 存亡之道, 不可不察也.

Sun Tzu said: War is a matter of vital importance to the state—the province of life and death, the path to survival or extinction. It demands the most thorough examination.

The opening declaration of Sun Tzu's Art of War — strategy as a matter of survival. This passage establishes that strategic competition is not optional but existential.

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These passages from other chapters connect to the themes in Passage 1-1:

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