Sun Tzu Decoded
Chapter 11 · Nine Grounds · 九地

Passage 11-22

是故, 方馬埋輪, 未足恃也, 齊勇若一, 政之道也; 剛柔皆得, 地之理也.

Therefore, tethering horses and burying wheels is not enough to rely on. Unifying courage as one—this is the Way of governance. Getting both firmness and flexibility—this is the principle of terrain.

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These passages from other chapters connect to the themes in Passage 11-22:

The Five Fundamental Factors Passage 1-2 故經之以五事, 校之以計, 而索其情. 一曰道, 二曰天, ... Assessing Advantage Passage 1-9 故校之以七計, 而塞其情. 曰: 主孰有道, 將孰有能, 天... The Five Elements of War Passage 4-10 善用兵者, 修道而保法, 故能爲勝敗之政. Terrain as Ally Passage 10-14 故戰道必勝, 主曰無戰; 必戰可也. 戰道不勝, 主曰必戰,... Earth (地) Passage 1-5 地者, 遠近, 險易, 廣狹, 死生也. Crossing Mountains Passage 9-1 孫子曰: 凡處軍相敵: 絶山依谷, 視生處高, 戰隆無登, ...

More from Chapter 11: Nine Grounds (九地)

Passage 11-1: Sun Tzu said: In the art of war, there are nine types of ground: dispersive, mar... Passage 11-2: When fighting in one’s own territory—dispersive ground.... Passage 11-3: When penetrating enemy territory but not deep—marginal ground.... Passage 11-4: Ground advantageous for either side—contentious ground.... Passage 11-5: Ground accessible to both—open ground.... Passage 11-6: Ground bordering three states, where first arrival gains support—intersecting gr... Passage 11-7: Deep in enemy territory with many fortifications behind—critical ground.... Passage 11-8: Mountains, forests, obstacles, wetlands—difficult to traverse—difficult ground.... Passage 11-9: Narrow entrance, circuitous exit, where few can strike many—surrounded ground.... Passage 11-10: Fight immediately and survive; hesitate and perish—deadly ground.... Passage 11-11: Therefore: - Dispersive ground: Do not fight - Marginal ground: Do not halt - Co... Passage 11-12: The ancient masters of war could make the enemy’s front and rear unable to suppo... Passage 11-13: Asked: “If a large, organized enemy approaches, how should we meet them?” Answer... Passage 11-14: In deep invasion, forces unite and the defender cannot overcome. Plunder rich fi... Passage 11-15: Deploy troops strategically, making plans impenetrable. Place them where there i... Passage 11-16: When deeply trapped, soldiers lose fear. When there is nowhere to go, they stand... Passage 11-17: Thus, troops are alert without instructions, obtain what is needed without deman... Passage 11-18: Our officers have no surplus wealth—not because they dislike riches. They expect... Passage 11-19: On the day orders are issued, seated soldiers weep till their collars are wet; l... Passage 11-20: The skilled commander is like the Shuairan—the snake of Mount Chang. Strike its ... Passage 11-21: The people of Wu and Yue despise each other. Yet when crossing a river in the sa... Passage 11-23: The skilled commander leads troops as if guiding a single person—because they ha... Passage 11-24: The general’s affairs must be calm and inscrutable, fair and disciplined. He sho... Passage 11-25: Change tasks, alter plans—keep them unaware. Change encampments, take indirect r... Passage 11-26: When the commander commits troops to decisive action, it is like climbing high a... Passage 11-27: Assembling the army and throwing it into danger—this is the general’s task. The ... Passage 11-28: The way of invasion: deep penetration unifies; shallow penetration scatters. - C... Passage 11-29: Therefore: - Dispersive ground: Unify their will - Marginal ground: Keep them co... Passage 11-30: The nature of soldiers: when surrounded, they defend; when with no choice, they ... Passage 11-31: When the hegemon’s army attacks a great state, it prevents their forces from mas... Passage 11-32: Therefore, without contesting global alliances or cultivating global power, but ... Passage 11-33: Commit them to tasks—do not explain with words. Engage them with advantage—do no... Passage 11-34: Only when troops are plunged into danger can they turn defeat into victory. The ... Passage 11-35: When war is declared: close the borders, annul passports, block enemy messengers... Passage 11-36: First, seize what they treasure. Keep the timing of decisive engagement hidden. ...